Free Wills Month brings together a group of well-respected charities to offer members of the public aged 55 and over the opportunity to have their wills written or updated free using participating solicitors across the UK. The next one begins on Monday 2nd March 2026.
The charities involved include the NSPCC, Dogs Trust, Help for Heroes, Mind, Stroke Association, PDSA, Royal British Legion, Alzheimers Research UK, Mencap, British Heart Foundation, Age UK, and so on. You can see all the charities involved on this web page.
The scheme covers simple wills only, including ‘mirror wills’ for couples. In the latter case, only one member of the couple has to be 55 or over. If you need a complicated will (most people don’t) you can still have this done but may have to pay a top-up fee.
I strongly believe in using a properly qualified solicitor to draw up your will. In the last few years there have been a couple of occasions when failing to do this has caused problems and delays for members of my family. An up-to-date will written by a solicitor will ensure that your wishes are respected and will avoid causing legal complications for your loved ones after you are gone.
Free Wills Month means what it says. There are no catches, although the organizers obviously hope that you will choose to leave a donation to charity in your will. There is no obligation to do this, however.
To take part in Free Wills Month click through to the website on or after March 2nd 2026. You can then pick a solicitor from the list of companies taking part and contact them to book an appointment. Appointments are limited and on a first come, first served basis, so it’s important to call as soon as possible. Once all available appointments are taken, the campaign will close. This may happen before the end of March.
Until March 2nd you can enter brief details on the Free Wills Month website and will then receive an email reminder when the scheme opens.
If you have any comments or questions about this subject, as ever, please do post them below.
This is an annual update of this post.
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In a recent post I talked about How to Save Money on Cruise Holidays. One or two people asked if I had any specific advice on river cruises, so today I thought I would address this subject.
River cruising has become one of the fastest-growing travel trends in recent years, and it’s not hard to see why. With scenic routes that wind through historic towns, a gentle pace, boutique ships and inclusive experiences, river cruises can feel like a dream holiday. But are they right for you?
In this post, I will explore the pros and cons of river cruising – particularly for older travellers – and share some tips to help you get the best value for money.
🌊 What Is a River Cruise?
Unlike ocean cruises that traverse vast stretches of sea, river cruises sail inland waterways – think the Danube, Rhine, Seine, Douro, Nile or Volga. Ships are typically smaller, with fewer passengers and a focus on cultural immersion and sightseeing.
👍 Pros of River Cruises
1. Gentle Pace & Easy Exploration
River cruises are designed for relaxation, with stops in multiple towns and cities. You often disembark right in the heart of destinations – no long transfers from ports. This is ideal for older travellers who want culture without stress.
2. All-Inclusive Comfort
Most river cruise packages include meals, onboard entertainment and guided excursions. Fewer hidden costs mean easier budgeting – a big plus if you’re watching the pounds and pence.
3. Accessible & Stress-Free
Ships have fewer stairs and lots of public open space. Many cabins and facilities are designed for accessibility, which suits older passengers or anyone with mobility issues.
4. Scenic Days & Scenic Nights
You rarely miss a view, cruising through vineyards, past castles and alongside charming villages. It’s like a constantly changing hotel window.
5. Sociable but Calm Atmosphere
With smaller ships and more mature crowds, river cruising tends toward a relaxed, sociable vibe without the “big ship” bustle.
👎 Cons of River Cruises
1. Higher Cost per Day
River cruises are often more expensive per person, per day than equivalent ocean cruises or land tours – especially during peak seasons.
2. Smaller Cabins
Space is at a premium. Cabins can feel compact – which might be uncomfortable if you like extra room.
3. Limited Onboard Activities
If you crave night-time entertainment, water-slides or casinos, river cruising might feel too sedate. It’s more about sightseeing than onboard spectacle.
4. Mobility Needed for Excursions
Most shore excursions involve walking tours. While many are gentle, some may not be suitable for travellers with limited mobility unless you choose accessible options.
5. Seasonal & Weather Dependent
River levels vary with the weather. Drought or heavy rain can affect itineraries – something to keep in mind when planning.
💡 River Cruise Tips – Get the Best Value for Money
If a river cruise sounds appealing, here’s how to make sure it’s a smart financial decision:
1. Book Early – Or Last-Minute
Booking early often secures the best cabins and lower prices. But some lines also discount last-minute sailings to fill unsold berths. Stay flexible and watch for deals.
2. Choose Shoulder Seasons
Travelling in spring or autumn often means lower prices, fewer crowds and milder weather — great for cost-conscious explorers.
3. Compare Inclusions
Don’t just look at headline prices. Check what’s included. Flights, transfers, excursions and drinks packages can add up.
A slightly higher headline price with lots included may represent better value overall.
4. Compare direct vs agent pricing
Sometimes booking directly with the cruise line is cheaper; other times a specialist agent will have better exclusive rates.
5. Fly from Regional Airports
River cruise packages often include flights. Compare prices from regional UK airports — you may find cheaper deals than London departures.
6. Consider Solo or Shared Cabins
Some lines offer solo cabins or shared spaces that can be more affordable if you’re travelling alone.
7. Use Loyalty Programmes & Travel Agents
Cruise line loyalty programmes can bring discounts, upgrades or onboard credits. Specialist cruise agents often know about promotions that aren’t publicised online.
8. Plan Your Excursions Wisely
Shore excursions arranged through the cruise can be expensive. Look into local guides or self-guided tours where safe and feasible.
🛳️ How to Book Your River Cruise (and Where to Find Deals)
Booking a river cruise might seem daunting at first – there are many companies, rivers, dates and price points to choose from. But with a bit of know-how and the right resources, you can find great value and a cruise that suits your travel style and budget.
🌐 Specialist River Cruise Websites (UK Focused)
For many UK travellers, booking through a river cruise specialist can be one of the easiest ways to find the best deals and get expert advice:
RiverCruising.co.uk – A UK-based specialist agent offering cruises from a range of operators, with ABTA and ATOL protection and support in choosing the best itinerary for you.
GlobalRiverCruising.co.uk – Independent UK specialists focused on delivering tailored itineraries and exclusive savings across multiple top cruise brands.
Blue Water Holidays / CruisingHolidays.co.uk – UK travel agencies that cover river and small-ship cruises with plenty of detailed itineraries, customer reviews and exclusive deals.
LoveitBookit.com – Another trusted UK cruise agency where you can explore river cruise options and get personalised support from cruise experts.
These specialist sites often bundle flights, transfers and insurance into your holiday package and can help you navigate which cruise line and dates are best for your budget.
💻 Discount and Deal Sites
If you’re hunting for current deals and discounts, here are a few places worth checking regularly:
Wowcher – Offers curated travel deals, including discounted river cruise holidays in Europe.
Cruise comparison sites like Cruise1st also list special seasonal offers and upgrades on river cruise itineraries.
💡 Pro tip: Sign up for newsletters from these sites and the cruise lines themselves — many discount offers (especially early-bird or seasonal sales) go out first to email subscribers.
🚢 Leading River Cruise Companies for UK Travellers
Here are some of the most popular and reputable river cruise operators you might consider when booking:
🌍 Major International River Cruise Lines
Viking River Cruises – One of the best-known names in river cruising, with a wide range of European itineraries and good UK-specific resources.
AmaWaterways – Highly regarded for quality service, food, and wine, with promotional offers on many routes.
Emerald Cruises – Offers strong value deals with flights and extras sometimes included, plus seasonal discounts.
Amadeus River Cruises – A traditional European operator focused on elegant boutique-style river experiences.
CroisiEurope – A family-run French line with a vast range of European river routes and good mid-range pricing.
Saga River Cruises – A UK-focused operator tailored for travellers over 50, offering all-inclusive European river cruises with added UK perks such as included chauffeur services and local departures.
📍 How They Work for UK Travellers
Many of these companies have UK-specific websites and/or call centres and offer flight-inclusive packages departing from UK airports.
Booking early – often 12–18 months ahead – can secure the best cabins and prices, as river cruises tend to sell out popular routes well in advance. (Cruise community insights also suggest booking early rather than waiting for last-minute deals due to limited capacity.)
💭 Closing Thoughts: Is a River Cruise Worth It?
If you love scenic travel, cultural immersion and a relaxed pace – and you’re willing to pay a bit more for convenience and comfort – river cruising can be an unforgettable experience. For older travellers, the accessibility, ease and inclusive nature are major advantages.
But if you’re after huge ships with lots of entertainment or travel on a tight budget, alternative holiday types (like escorted tours or independent travel) might suit you better.
Ultimately, it comes down to your travel priorities, mobility and budget. With smart planning and savvy spending, a river cruise can be both affordable and deeply rewarding.
Have you tried a river cruise yourself and would you recommend it? Have any other tips for saving money or making the most of your holiday? Please do leave a comment below!
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Today I have a guest post on a subject close to many people’s hearts (including mine!) – what are the benefits (and risks) of coffee drinking and how much a day is best?
This subject may be of particular interest to older people, as the latest research indicates that the caffeine in coffee (and tea) may offer some protection from dementia.
Scientists have found that drinking two to three cups of coffee a day may significantly reduce your risk of developing dementia, but drinking more won’t help protect your brain any further.
A major study tracked 131,821 American nurses and health professionals for up to 43 years, starting when they were in their early 40s. During this time, 11,033 people – around 8% – developed dementia. But those who drank moderate amounts of caffeinated coffee or tea were notably less likely to be among them.
The protective effect was strongest in people aged 75 or younger, who saw their dementia risk drop by 35% if they consumed around 250mg-300mg of caffeine daily – roughly two to three cups of coffee. Crucially, drinking more than this didn’t provide any extra benefit.
Women in the study reported drinking around four and a half cups of coffee or tea per day when they joined, while men drank around two and a half cups. Those who drank more caffeinated coffee tended to be younger, but they also drank more alcohol, smoked and consumed more calories – factors that all have been found to increase dementia risk.
Interestingly, people who drank more decaffeinated coffee showed faster memory decline. Researchers believe this is probably because people switched to decaf after developing sleep problems, raised blood pressure, or heart rhythm disturbances – all of which are themselves linked to cognitive decline and dementia.
Why caffeine might protect the brain
There are sound biological reasons why caffeine could help keep our brains healthy. It works by blocking adenosine, a chemical that dampens the activity of brain messengers like dopamine and acetylcholine. These brain messengers (or neurotransmitters) can become less active as we age and in conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, so caffeine’s stimulating effect may help counteract this decline.
Caffeine also appears to work through other mechanisms, including reducing inflammation and helping regulate blood sugar metabolism. People who did not have dementia (yet?) but drank more than two cups of coffee daily throughout their lives had lower levels of the toxic amyloid plaques, abundantly found in people’s brains who have Alzheimer’s disease.
Coffee and tea also contain many other beneficial compounds with antioxidant and blood vessel benefits which can all protect the ageing brain.
The American study found that only one to two cups of tea were linked to the best protection against dementia, which may reflect the fact that people in the US drink less tea than coffee overall. Green tea wasn’t examined separately, although most studies suggest it also protects against dementia.
Why does more caffeine stop being helpful? The researchers suggest it may be down to how our bodies break down coffee. Very high doses can also disrupt sleep and increase anxiety, which undermines any brain benefits.
A principle established back in 1908, known as the Yerkes-Dodson law, shows that when we become too stimulated – whether from anxiety or too much coffee – our mental performance starts to decline.
The findings from professional healthcare workers may not apply to everyone. But when researchers combined results from 38 other studies, they found similar results: caffeine drinkers had a 6%-16% lower dementia risk than non-drinkers, with one to three cups of coffee being optimal. Good news for tea lovers – in this broader analysis, drinking more tea was linked to greater protection.
Moderate caffeine intake doesn’t increase long-term blood pressure risk and may even reduce cardiovascular disease risk, which shares many risk factors with dementia. However, people with very high blood pressure are advised to limit themselves to perhaps one cup a day.
It’s worth noting that using “cups” as a measure doesn’t account for how much caffeine these actually contain. Fresh beans brewed at home contain different amounts of caffeine and can affect cholesterol levels differently than instant coffee, for instance.
But you don’t need much to feel a benefit. Even low doses of 40mg-60mg can improve alertness and mood in middle-aged people who normally did not drink (much) caffeine. More is not always better.
Today I’m sharing a guest article on a subject that – while it might seem unromantic – could be crucial to ensuring your financial security in later life.
Sadly, growing numbers of older people are seeing their marriages break down, leading in many cases to separation and divorce. Even if relatively amicable, this is likely to be stressful and emotionally exhausting. And – potentially even worse – it can have serious financial consequences for you and your family, both now and into the future.
My guest today, Richard Scott, a partner in the family team at HCR Law, knows this very well. In his article below he explains the benefit of having a post-nuptial agreement in place if, sadly, your marriage (or civil partnership) should come to an end.
Over to Richard then…
For many couples, the idea of a nuptial agreement is an unfamiliar and often unromantic concept. Yet, for those who have already married and whose financial circumstances have evolved, perhaps over many years, a post-nuptial agreement can offer clarity, protection and a far smoother path should the relationship ever break down.
In a climate where personal wealth, business interests and international assets are increasingly common, a carefully prepared post-nuptial agreement is a practical piece of financial planning that complements, rather than competes with, the marriage itself.
Legal status and why it matters
In England and Wales, post-nuptial agreements are not automatically legally binding. However, the courts are prepared to give decisive weight to a nuptial agreement where it is entered into freely by both spouses, with a full understanding of its implications, and where it is fair it is fair at the time of any future divorce.
In practice, that means a properly drafted post-nuptial agreement, supported by independent legal advice for both parties, full financial disclosure and the absence of coercion or pressure can be highly influential. It does not oust the court’s jurisdiction, but it does set a clear roadmap that the court will often follow unless needs or fairness dictate otherwise, particularly if the couple have independent children.
Financial clarity and reduced conflict
One of the principal benefits to any nuptial agreement is certainty. A post-nuptial agreement defines how assets would be treated if the marriage ends, reducing the scope for any dispute over property, savings, investments and pensions. That clarity can save significant legal costs and emotional upheaval by preventing arguments before they arise.
For couples who value transparency and orderly planning, the agreement functions as a financial charter that both parties can rely on, supporting trust rather than undermining it. In my experience, it is not uncommon for a post-nuptial agreement to be used as an option to re-establish trust in a faltering marriage. For instance, where perhaps one spouse has behaved poorly, or had an affair, the other spouse may require the reassurance of a post-nuptial agreement to help put the marriage back on track, instead of filing for divorce.
Protecting pre-acquired, family and business assets
Post-nuptial agreements are especially useful where one spouse brings pre-marital assets into the marriage or expects future inheritances or gifts. Ring-fencing such wealth helps ensure that family assets, heirlooms and intended legacies remain protected.
They are also invaluable for business owners, safeguarding a company’s continuity, shareholder relationships and value. By agreeing how shares and business interests would be treated, spouses reduce the risk of disruption to the enterprise, and this gives confidence to co-owners and investors.
Frequently I advise the children of business owners who are likely to inherit shares in a family business and who – often with their families –want to minimise any disruption to future succession planning by excluding those interests from the matrimonial pot with a post-nuptial agreement.
Sometimes couples who intend to enter into a pre-nuptial agreement simply run out of time to get the agreement finalised before the wedding. Rather than postpone the wedding, a post-nuptial agreement is a valuable alternative which is available to newlyweds and ensures that the opportunity to protect and ring-fence wealth acquired pre-marriage or any future inheritances, is not lost.
Adapting to life’s changes
Circumstances evolve after marriage: a career break to raise children, a relocation, the sale of a property, a windfall or the growth of a business. A post-nuptial agreement allows couples to recalibrate financial expectations to reflect these developments. This is particularly pertinent in second marriages, where there may be competing responsibilities to children from previous relationships, and in international families, where differing legal regimes can complicate outcomes. A tailored post-nuptial agreement brings order to complexity, aligning intentions with the realities of modern family life.
Fairness, safeguards and credibility
A robust agreement is not a blunt instrument. It can include review clauses, housing provisions and arrangements that meet needs fairly, especially where children are involved.
The process itself is not complicated. It involves both spouses’ obtaining independent legal advice, providing full disclosure of their assets and engaging in sensible negotiation. Most of of the clients I advise on this issue are pragmatic and are not out to engineer an unfair outcome, nor are their spouses – it’s about documenting a fair agreement with a view to avoiding contentious litigation in the future should the relationship break down at a later date.
A practical step in prudent planning
In summary, a post-nuptial agreement is a prudent step in managing financial risk. It offers peace of mind, helps safeguard hard-won family assets and businesses and significantly reduces the uncertainty and cost of a future dispute.
Lawyers advising on post-nuptial agreements often liken their importance to life insurance policies. The question for married couples should not be, “Can I afford one?” It should be, “Can I afford not to have one?” As such, for couples who value clarity and wish to protect their financial futures responsibly, it is an option well worth serious consideration.
Richard Scott (pictured below) is a partner in the family team at HCR Law.
Many thanks to Richard and his colleagues at HCR Law for an eye-opening article on this important topic. As Richard says, devoting some attention to this issue now can potentially save you and your family a lot of grief (and legal costs) in the future.
As always, if you have any comments or queries about this article, please do leave them below.
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Cruise holidays have become increasingly popular with older adults, and it’s easy to see why. They offer a relaxed way to travel, with accommodation, meals, entertainment and transport between destinations all included in one package.
However, cruise prices can vary significantly, and it’s not always obvious where good value ends and unnecessary expense begins. With a bit of forward planning and careful comparison, it’s perfectly possible to enjoy a relaxing and comfortable cruise holiday without spending more than you need to.
Below are some sensible ways to keep cruise costs under control, while still getting the most from your time away.
1. Flexibility Can Make a Big Difference
One of the most effective ways to save money on a cruise is to be flexible about when and where you travel.
Cruises outside school holiday periods are usually much cheaper, which suits retirees and semi-retired travellers particularly well.
Spring and autumn “shoulder seasons” often combine reasonable weather with lower prices and fewer crowds.
Less well-known itineraries can offer excellent value, even though the onboard experience is often very similar.
If you can avoid setting your plans too tightly, you’re far more likely to find a good deal.
2. Compare Prices Using Cruise Deal Sites
Cruise prices are not always the same across different websites, so it’s well worth shopping around. In addition to checking cruise line websites directly, comparison and deal sites can be very useful.
Prices and inclusions can vary, so it’s important to look beyond the headline figure and check what’s actually included.
3. Think Carefully About Extras and Add-Ons
Many cruises offer optional extras such as drinks packages, speciality dining, wi-fi and organised shore excursions. While these can be convenient, they are not always good value for everyone.
For example:
Drinks packages tend to suit heavier drinkers, but can work out expensive if you only have the occasional drink.
Independent shore excursions, or simply exploring ports on your own, are often much cheaper than ship-organised trips.
Onboard wi-fi can be surprisingly expensive. You may be able to get free or low-cost wi-fi locally when the ship is in port.
Choosing only the extras you’ll genuinely use can keep overall costs much lower.
4. Cabin Choice Can Have a Big Impact on Price
Cabin type is another major factor in cruise pricing.
Inside cabins are usually the cheapest option and can be perfectly comfortable, especially if you spend most of your time enjoying the ship or going ashore.
Obstructed-view cabins often cost less than standard ocean-view cabins, but still offer natural light.
If having a balcony is not essential to you, opting for a more modest cabin can result in significant savings.
5. Consider Cruises Departing From the UK
Cruises that depart from UK ports such as Southampton, Tilbury or Liverpool can be excellent value for money.
They remove the need for flights, overnight hotels and airport parking, which can add substantially to the cost of a holiday. They also tend to be less stressful, which many older travellers appreciate.
6. Timing Your Booking Can Help
There are certain times of year when cruise deals are more common.
The early months of the year often bring a wave of promotions, including reduced deposits or onboard credit.
Late deals can offer good value if you are able to travel at short notice, although cabin choice may be limited.
Booking early can also pay off if you have a particular itinerary or ship in mind.
Signing up for email alerts from cruise lines and deal websites can help you spot price reductions.
7. Make Use of Loyalty Schemes
If you cruise more than once, loyalty schemes are worth considering. Over time, they can provide benefits such as onboard credit, discounted fares or priority services, all of which add to the overall value of your holiday.
Final Thoughts
Cruise holidays don’t have to be expensive, particularly for older adults who have the flexibility to travel outside peak periods. By comparing prices carefully, choosing cabins and extras sensibly, and taking advantage of UK-based cruise deals, it’s possible to enjoy a relaxing and well-organised holiday without overspending. The key is to focus on value for money, rather than paying for features or extras that don’t genuinely enhance your experience.
As always, any comments or questions on this post are welcome. In addition, if you have any tips of your own for saving money on cruise holidays, I would love to hear them! 🚢
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As more people in the UK find themselves paying income tax again – particularly retirees whose pensions, savings interest and state pension now push them over the personal allowance – it’s natural to feel frustrated about how that money is used.
While we don’t get much say over how most of our taxes are spent, there is one perfectly legal way to ensure that at least some of your tax money goes to causes you genuinely support than disappearing into the government’s coffers: Gift Aid.
What Is Gift Aid?
Gift Aid is a simple scheme run by HMRC that allows UK charities to reclaim tax on donations made by UK taxpayers.
When you donate to a registered charity and tick the Gift Aid box (or complete a Gift Aid declaration), the charity can claim back the basic rate of income tax you have paid on that donation.
Because the basic rate of income tax is currently 20%, this effectively means:
For every £1 you donate, the charity receives £1.25.
You don’t pay anything extra.
The extra 25p comes from tax you’ve already paid.
Instead of that slice of tax being “wasted” by the government, it is redirected to a charity of your choosing 👍
You Don’t Even Have to Spend Any Money
One of the least appreciated aspects of Gift Aid is that you don’t necessarily have to spend any money at all to benefit from the scheme.
Many charity shops now operate Gift Aid on donated goods. When you drop off clothes, books or household items, you’ll often be asked if you’d like to Gift Aid them.
Here’s how it works:
The charity sells your donated items in its shop.
Whatever price they achieve is treated as a donation from you.
The charity then claims an extra 25% from HMRC on top.
So if your donated items sell for £40, the charity can claim an additional £10 in Gift Aid – all without you spending a penny. Once again, that extra money comes from tax you’ve already paid.
Gift Aid Isn’t Just for Obvious Donations
Gift Aid can also apply to payments you might not normally think of as charitable donations.
A good example is the National Trust, along with many other heritage and conservation organisations. When you visit one of their properties, you’ll often see two admission prices:
standard admission
Gift Aid admission (typically £1 more)
By choosing the Gift Aid price:
You pay £1 extra.
The charity can claim 25% of the full admission price from HMRC.
In most cases, this means the charity receives far more than the extra £1 you pay. It’s a very tax-efficient way of supporting organisations you already enjoy visiting, and another example of how Gift Aid lets you divert tax money away from HM Treasury and towards something you personally value.
Who Can Use Gift Aid?
You can use Gift Aid if:
You are a UK taxpayer, and
You have paid at least as much income tax or capital gains tax in the tax year as the charity will claim back.
This is increasingly relevant for older people who may not have paid tax for years but now do so again because of:
frozen personal tax allowances
rising state pensions
workplace or private pension income
interest on savings exceeding the personal savings allowance
If you are paying tax, Gift Aid is something you should at least consider using.
Example 1: A Simple Donation
Let’s say you donate £100 to a charity that supports a cause you care about.
You give £100.
The charity claims £25 from HMRC.
Total amount the charity receives: £125.
That £25 would otherwise have gone to the government. With Gift Aid, you decide where it goes.
Example 2: Higher-Rate Taxpayers Can Benefit Too
If you’re a higher-rate taxpayer (40%), Gift Aid can be even more powerful.
Using the same £100 donation:
The charity still receives £125.
You can reclaim the difference between basic-rate and higher-rate tax via Self Assessment.
This allows you to reclaim £25 personally, reducing the effective cost of your donation to £75.
What Information Do You Have to Provide?
To claim Gift Aid, charities are required by HMRC to collect some basic information from you. This usually includes:
your full name
your home address
a signature or confirmation (such as ticking a box online)
This is simply to confirm that you are a UK taxpayer and that the charity is entitled to reclaim the tax. It’s a one-off process for most organisations.
Gift Aid: A Small Act of Financial Control
People often feel they have little say over how their taxes are spent. Gift Aid doesn’t change the system, but it does offer a rare opportunity to exercise a degree of choice.
By using Gift Aid:
You increase the value of your support for charities you believe in.
You don’t pay any more tax overall.
You ensure some of your tax money is spent on causes you actually believe in.
A Final Word of Caution
Only use Gift Aid if you really are paying enough tax to cover it. If you don’t, HMRC can ask you to make up the difference.
If your tax position changes from year to year, keep this rule in mind. And if you’re only paying small amounts of tax, keep a record of your Gift Aid donations to ensure you don’t accidentally exceed the total tax you have paid.
That said, for millions of UK taxpayers, Gift Aid is a straightforward, perfectly legitimate way to make their money – and their tax – work harder and smarter.
And for those who find themselves now paying tax again in later life, claiming Gift Aid can feel like a small but satisfying win 🙂
If you give to charity – whether in cash, goods, or entrance fees to attractions – it makes sense to make the government contribute too.
As always, if you have any comments or questions about this article, please do post them below.
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For many of us 2025 was another difficult year, with a cost-of-living crisis driven especially by rising gas and electricity costs.
With the festive season behind us now – and a cold and miserable start to the new year – many of us are understandably desperate for something to look forward to in the year ahead.
Some will be planning to head abroad in search of sunnier climes. But others may be deterred by the cost of going overseas and the additional hassles it may entail.
So today I thought I’d share links to my blog posts about some UK holiday destinations I’ve visited in the last few years, in case you wish to consider them for short (or longer) breaks in the year ahead. Clicking on any of the links below will open my post about the place concerned in a new tab, so you won’t have to keep clicking the Back button to return here.
Llandudno in North Wales is somewhere I’ve been visiting regularly for over ten years now (most recently in 2025, when I went twice). It’s a traditional British seaside resort with a long pier, Punch and Judy show, sweeping promenade, and plenty more (you can see the stunning Victorian seafront in the cover image). It’s very popular with both older people and young families. As well as my main review, my October 2020 Coronavirus Crisis Experience Update includes details of a short break I enjoyed there just before the Welsh government imposed another lockdown 😮
Minehead is a North Somerset coastal town. I enjoyed a short break there in 2020 as well, at a time when lockdown rules were relaxed. It was my first visit to Minehead and I particularly enjoyed visiting the National Trust property Dunster Castle, which is just a couple of miles down the road. Sadly the West Somerset Railway which starts (or ends) in Minehead was closed due to the pandemic when I went, but I’d love to go back for a trip on this heritage steam railway sometime in the future.
Aberystwyth is in mid-Wales on the Cardigan Bay coast. I have visited it three times now, the first two staying at the Marine Hotel and the most recent at a self-catering apartment called Sea Brin. Aberystwyth is quieter and less commercialized than Llandudno (mentioned above), and the fact it’s a university town means it has quite a cosmopolitan feeling. It’s a good place to chill out, but there are plenty of interesting things to see and do as well.
I visited Aberdovey for the first time in April 2023. It’s a small town on the mid-Wales coast. It’s about ten miles north of Aberystwyth and five miles south of Tywyn, the home of the Talyllyn Railway (see below). It’s a charming, laid-back place, perfect for a relaxing short break. It has a beautiful beach (with watersports for those who want them) and some great cafes and restaurants. I wouldn’t go there for the night-life, though – even the chip shop closes at 8 pm!
I had a particular reason to visit Hewenden MIll Cottages, as my sister Liz and her family live just a couple of miles down the road in Wilsden. Even if I didn’t have family connections, though, I would definitely recommend them for a short break. The accommodation consists of a number of former mill-workers’ cottages, in a beautiful woodland setting. The cottages (such as the one below, where I have stayed myself) are spacious and well equipped. From here you can visit Haworth – home of the Bronte sisters – and the Victorian model village of Saltaire. The area is also great for walking and cycling.
The Aberdunant Hall Holiday Park and Hotel (to give it its full name) is about four miles from the North Wales coastal town of Porthmadog You can stay in the hotel itself (which is quite compact) or in accommodation around the park. I stayed in what they call a Forest Pod, which is roughly the equivalent of half a caravan. It was okay for a short break but if you went as a couple the cramped conditions could put a strain on your relationship! If I went again I would book a room in the hotel or maybe one of the Woodland Escape Suites in the park. I still enjoyed my stay there, and found the location convenient for visiting a range of places including Portmeirion (where the sixties TV series The Prisoner was filmed) and the Ffestiniog Railway, which runs from Porthmadog to Baenau Ffestiniog. It’s also on the edge of Snowdonia, with lots of opportunities for walking and mountain climbing.
Lake Vyrnwy is a few miles over the border from Shropshire into Wales. I went there in 2019 after watching a TV show about the history of this artificial lake, which was originally created to provide a water supply for the people of Liverpool in the 19th century (it’s now naturalised and if you weren’t aware of its history you wouldn’t know it was man-made). I stayed at the Lake Vyrnwy Hotel and Spa, which is near the dam at the western end of the lake. This was originally built to accommodate senior managers and engineers on the construction project, though it has of course been extended and modernised many times since. If you want to visit Lake Vyrnwy, it’s the best (possibly the only) option. I happened to choose a bitterly cold weekend just before Easter for my visit, which spoiled it a bit. Still, I enjoyed the beautiful scenery and some great walks. It’s probably not a place to take children, however, as there might not be enough for them to do.
The Talyllyn Railway (also mentioned under Aberdovey) is a heritage steam railway in Wales. It starts in the town of Tywyn in mid-Wales, so in October 2018 I booked a short break there. To be honest there isn’t a great deal else to do in Tywyn, but it makes a good base for a day on the railway. And the railway itself takes you through some stunningly beautiful countryside. If you buy one of their very reasonably priced Day Rover tickets, you can get on and off at any station along the route. I highly recommend an hour or two at Dolgoch, which has some great walks and lovely waterfalls.
Warner Leisure Hotels have 16 country and coastal resort hotels across England and Wales. They have a strict adults-only policy, and appeal mainly to an older clientele (based on my experience, the average age is around seventy). As well as accommodation they offer a variety of leisure activities, including day trips, quizzes, guided walks, archery and bowls, social dancing, swimming, and so on. Most of these activities are included in the price, as is the evening entertainment. I have stayed at Bodelwyddan Castle in North Wales and Alvaston Hall in Cheshire. Some aspects I liked, others I wasn’t so keen on, as you can read in my review. You can also see their latest offers by clicking on the banner ad below [affiliate].
About five years ago I took a short break in the English Lake District. I stayed at the Waterhead Hotel, just south of Ambleside, at the north end of Lake Windermere (England’s largest lake). The hotel is located literally a few yards from the lake (hence the name, of course). If you haven’t visited the Lake District before, the area should definitely be on your ‘To Do’ list. There are many miles of beautiful countryside to explore, along with attractions such as Beatrix Potter’s house and Wray Castle. And, of course, you must buy a day ticket for the Windermere lake steamers. You can travel the length of the lake in style on these vessels, while sipping a hot chocolate (or something stronger) and listening to commentary on the scenery passing alongside. Highly recommended 🙂
I visited the Isle of Man for the first time in April 2024, staying in the island capital Douglas. I went on a heritage-railway-themed break offered by Newmarket Holidays. So naturally I had trips on the Isle of Man Steam Railway and also the Manx Electric Railway. The latter takes you from Douglas to Laxey and onward to Ramsey. Laxey is the home of the iconic Lady Isabella waterwheel, the largest working waterwheel in the world. The IOM is about the same latitude as Liverpool so obviously the weather can be variable, but I was lucky enough to get wall-to-wall sunshine during my stay. I flew to the island from Birmingham Airport which took about 45 minutes, but you can also get a ferry from Heysham or Liverpool. The Isle of Man is charming and verdant, and largely unspoiled. Definitely worth considering if you’re looking for something a little bit different for a short (or longer) holiday.
I visited Lanbedrog for the first time in July 2021. It’s a village on the Llyn (or Lleyn) Peninsula in NW Wales. I stayed at an Airbnb property, the first time I had done this (Llanbedrog doesn’t have any hotels as far as I know). It’s by the coast, roughly half way between Pwllheli (famed for its Butlins camp, now run by Haven Holidays) and trendy Abersoch. It has a beautiful sandy beach which would be perfect for families with young children (or grandchildren). I very much enjoyed my three-night stay and found it a perfect place to relax and chill out after months of lockdown. The National Trust mansion (and garden) Plas yn Rhiw is about seven miles away.
I stayed in Criccieth in North Wales for the first time in June 2022, although I had visited the town in the past. It’s a lovely place to relax and chill out. It has excellent road and rail connections, and there are also some high-quality tourist attractions nearby, including Portmeirion and the Ffestiniog Railway. Criccieth itself is best known for its castle which dominates the town. Although it’s a ruin, many of the walls are still standing and you can enjoy some amazing views across the bay, as far as Harlech Castle and beyond.
I visited Lavenham in Suffolk for the first time in August 2022. It is said to be England’s best-preserved medieval town, with over 300 listed, timber-framed houses. There are various historic buildings such as the Guildhall and Little Hall you can look around. Lavenham also boasts a variety of highly rated pubs and restaurants, and some lovely tea rooms and coffee houses as well! 🍮
Barmouth is a traditional Welsh seaside resort about ten miles south of Harlech. I visited in September 2022, staying at an elegant Victorian Gothic hotel called Tyr Graig Castle. Barmouth has a clean, attractive promenade and beautiful sandy beach which goes out a long way. There is plenty to do for families, including a funfair and amusement arcades. There are various restaurants and fast food outlets along the seafront. There is also a railway station with regular trains to Pwllheli in one direction and Aberystwyth and beyond in the other. Nearby attractions include Harlech Castle, Portmeirion and the Fairbourne miniature steam railway 🚂
I visited the historic city of Bath in June 2023. There is lots to see and do, although top of many people’s lists will be the stunning Roman Baths. Bath Abbey is well worth a look too, and you can admire the beautiful Georgian architecture around the city for free! Read my top tips for anyone visiting Bath in this post, including the excellent self-catering accommodation I stayed at.
Other Resources
Here are links to a few other blog posts that may be of interest if you are planning a UK holiday this year…
In recent years Airbnb has become increasingly popular for self-catering holidays. You can book anything from a spare room in someone’s home to a whole house or apartment. My recent short breaks in Lavenham and Llanbedrog (see list above) were in Airbnb properties. You can read all about the booking process in my post.
Finding a cashpoint in an unfamiliar town (or village) can be challenging, so you might find this free app a useful resource to download. It has helped me avoid embarrassment on several occasions.
If your thoughts are turning further afield, you may be considering a cruise holiday as an option. Even if you can’t go abroad, I can testify from personal experience that a cruise of the British Isles (like these, perhaps) can be very enjoyable and enlightening. My blog post sets out a range of tips and advice that will be particularly relevant for first-time and solo cruisers.
Finally, coach holidays are another very popular option among older people especially. I don’t have much experience of this myself, but my friends at Over 60s Discounts have a great article about coach holidays for over-60s in the UK. This includes a list of popular UK destinations and details of several companies offering low-cost coach holidays.
Closing Thoughts
I hope you have enjoyed reading this post and it has given you a some ideas for UK holidays.
Obviously I am a 60-something male and nowadays usually travel on my own. So if your circumstances are different from mine, I understand that some of the destinations mentioned above might not hold as much appeal. In addition, I live in Staffordshire, so the places I go are all reasonably accessible from there.
Finally – as I noticed when reading back my list – I do have a bit of a penchant for places with heritage steam railways nearby, so please bear that in mind as well 😀
Of course, I’d love to hear your views about any of the destinations mentioned, or any other places in the UK you would recommend for a short break or longer holiday. Please leave any comments or questions below as usual.
Note: This is a fully revised update of an annual post.
In my update today, I’m focusing on a topic that has become of growing concern to me in recent months.
Over the past decade, UK households have been encouraged to electrify almost everything. Cars are going electric. Gas boilers are being phased out in favour of heat pumps. Even cooking is increasingly moving from gas to electricity.
On paper, this all fits with the Government’s drive towards Net Zero. But there’s a growing issue that doesn’t get discussed nearly enough: What happens if the electricity supply isn’t always there when you need it?
As we look ahead to the coming years, relying solely on electricity to power and heat your home could leave you exposed – financially and practically.
Growing Pressure on the UK’s Electricity System
Electricity demand in the UK is set to rise sharply. Two of the biggest drivers are:
Electric vehicles (EVs) – millions of households charging cars at home, often at similar times of day
Electric heat pumps – particularly air-source heat pumps, which draw large amounts of power in cold weather
At the same time, electricity generation is becoming increasingly weather-dependent. Wind and solar are growing fast, but they don’t always produce power when demand is highest – especially during cold, still winter evenings when heating demand peaks.
The National Grid has so far managed to keep the lights on, but it has done so by relying on emergency measures, reserve power contracts and public appeals to reduce usage at peak times. That’s a sign of a system under strain.
The Risk of Power Cuts Is Increasing, Not Decreasing
While widespread blackouts are still relatively rare, the risk of localised or short-term power cuts is rising.
Reasons include:
an ageing electricity distribution network
rapid increases in peak demand
greater reliance on intermittent renewable generation
delays and cost overruns in upgrading grid infrastructure
For households that depend entirely on electricity for heating, hot water and cooking, even a short power cut in winter can quickly become a serious problem.
When Electricity Goes Off, Everything Stops
If your home uses electric heating only:
heat pumps stop working
electric radiators go cold
immersion heaters stop producing hot water
induction hobs and electric ovens are unusable
By contrast, homes with non-electric power and heating options retain a degree of resilience. That resilience has real value, particularly for older people, families with young children, or anyone living in rural areas where power cuts tend to last longer.
Diversification Isn’t Just for Investments
Regular readers of Pounds and Sense will be familiar with the idea of diversification. You wouldn’t normally put all your savings into a single investment – and the same principle applies to household energy.
Having more than one way to heat your home reduces risk and gives you flexibility when prices spike or supplies are disrupted.
Alternative and Backup Heating Options to Consider
Here are some heating methods that can be used instead of, or alongside, electricity:
Gas Heating (Where Available)
Despite its declining popularity in policy circles, mains gas remains:
reliable
relatively inexpensive
highly controllable
independent of the electricity grid (for heat, though central heating boilers still need some power to operate)
A gas boiler can continue to provide warmth during electricity shortages if paired with a simple backup power source, such as a home storage battery or generator. In addition, most free-standing gas fires can operate without any need for electricity.
Wood-Burning or Multi-Fuel Stoves
A solid fuel stove can be an excellent backup heat source:
operates independently of electricity
provides direct radiant heat
can often heat a large living space effectively
Modern stoves are far cleaner and more efficient than older open fires, though fuel storage and local air-quality rules must be considered.
Open Fires and Solid Fuel Fires
While less efficient than stoves, open fires still provide:
a non-electric source of heat
emergency warmth during prolonged outages
They can also burn a range of fuels, depending on the fireplace and chimney setup. Again, fuel storage and local air-quality rules will need to be considered.
Oil or LPG Heating (Rural Homes)
For off-grid properties, oil or LPG systems offer:
independence from the electricity network for fuel supply
predictable heating performance in cold weather
They are often criticized on environmental grounds, but from a resilience perspective they remain useful options.
Portable Backup Options
Even smaller measures can help:
portable gas heaters (used safely and with ventilation)
camping stoves for boiling water
thermal storage heaters or insulated hot water tanks
These won’t heat a whole house but can make a big difference during short outages.
Balancing Net Zero with Common Sense
The Government’s rush towards Net Zero is placing enormous pressure on the UK’s energy system. Whether the huge cost and disruption caused can be justified is (in my opinion anyway) arguable. What’s in no doubt, however, is that thetransition period will be messy, expensive and uncertain.
Households that move too quickly to an all-electric setup may find themselves exposed to:
higher running costs
reduced resilience
greater vulnerability during supply disruptions
That doesn’t mean rejecting electrification entirely – but it does mean thinking very carefully before putting all your power and heating eggs in one basket.
My Personal Situation
I live in a detached house built about 40 years ago in suburban Staffordshire. I have gas central heating and an electric cooker. I also have a free-standing gas-fire in the lounge. I have solar panels on the roof and a Givenergy home-storage battery, which I bought a couple of years ago.
When I first heard about heat pumps I did look into the possibility of getting one. I soon realised, however, that I didn’t want to go down this route. As discussed above, I didn’t like the thought of becoming too reliant on electricity, especially with the growing likelihood of power outages. Also, the heating pipes in my house are quite narrow and I have been advised that if I were to get a heat pump, the existing pipes would all have to be taken out and replaced as well. Needless to say, that would add considerably to the cost, not to mention the disruption.
In addition, heat pumps generally operate at lower temperatures than gas central heating, meaning they have to be kept on all the time to ensure the house remains at a comfortable temperature. I have also heard it said that in very cold weather they may not be able to provide adequate warmth on their own. So you really do still need a back-up heating option anyway.
With all these considerations (and others), I therefore plan to stick with my present set-up for the foreseeable future. If at some point gas boilers are banned and/or gas is cut off completely, I will obviously have to rethink this. But as I am now 70, realistically that’s unlikely to happen in my lifetime. In the improbable event that it does, I would think about switching to an electric boiler, which could be installed instead of my old gas boiler without all the pipes in the house having to be torn out and replaced. This would be a lot cheaper to buy and less disruptive than switching to a heat pump, though possibly more expensive to run. Looking to the future, other non-heat-pump alternatives are very likely to appear as well.
Obviously, all of this is just my personal opinion. You may disagree, but I thought it might be helpful to explain my thinking on these matters as they stand now.
The Bottom Line
Electric heating will undoubtedly play a major role in the UK’s future. But in my view relying on electricity alone for heating is increasingly risky.
Where possible, having an alternative or supplementary heating source provides:
peace of mind
practical resilience
protection against both power cuts and price shocks
As with personal finance, a bit of diversification can go a very long way.
As always, I welcome any comments or questions on this article.
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Christmas will soon be here. But with flu and other respiratory infections at high levels – and the Covid pandemic still a fairly recent memory – many older people will be understandably cautious about how much face-to-face socialising they do at this time of year.
In addition, we’re still feeling the effects of the cost-of-living crisis. Many pensioners are cash-strapped, and rising energy costs make winter harder than ever. Add in bad weather, NHS and rail strikes, busy roads and crowded trains, and reduced face-to-face socialising becomes a real possibility, especially for older adults. Loneliness at Christmas can lead to anxiety, depression and other health issues.
While video calling isn’t a complete solution, it can be a lifeline for keeping in touch with distant friends, family, children and grandchildren – especially if travel or health concerns make meeting in person difficult.
So here’s an updated guide to the best video calling tools for older people in 2025, including what you need and the pros and cons of each option.
How to Get Started
To make video calls, you’ll need:
A device with a camera and microphone – like a smartphone, tablet, laptop, Chromebook or desktop with webcam.
A reliable internet connection – ideally wi-fi at home (video calls can use a lot of mobile data).
A video calling app – more on this below.
All modern smartphones (iPhones and Androids) have good-quality cameras. Tablets and laptops usually have larger screens which make conversations easier to see and more comfortable for group calls.
If you’re using a desktop, you might need a separate webcam and microphone unless your machine already has them built in.
Video Calling Tools Worth Considering
1. FaceTime (for Apple Users)
Best for: iPhone and iPad users whose family also uses Apple devices
Smartphones: Yes
Tablets: Yes
Windows: No
Mac: Yes
FaceTime remains one of the easiest options if everyone is in the Apple ecosystem. It comes pre-installed on iPhones and iPads, and calls are seamless and high quality. You can add up to 32 people in a group call.
Pros:
Built into Apple devices – no extra download
High video quality and simple interface
Works with newer features like scheduling links and spatial audio
Cons:
Only works with Apple devices
Not cross-platform (except via browser links in newer versions)
2. WhatsApp
Best for: Informal chats with family and small group calls
Smartphones: Yes
Tablets: Limited (WhatsApp on some tablets may not support video yet)
Windows/Mac: Yes (via desktop app)
WhatsApp is one of the most widely used apps in the world and is familiar to many older people already. Recent updates now allow up to 32 people on one video call, plus screen-sharing and a “speaker spotlight” to highlight whoever’s talking.
Pros:
Very familiar and widely adopted
End-to-end encryption
Works across devices
Cons:
Requires contacts to use WhatsApp too
Owned by Meta — some users dislike data-sharing practices
3. Messenger (Meta/Facebook)
Best for: Users who already use Facebook and want extra features
Smartphones: Yes
Tablets: Yes
Windows/Mac: Yes
Messenger lets you video call directly from your Facebook contacts. It’s quite straightforward and supports up to 50 people with no time limit on group calls.
Pros:
Connects with existing Facebook friends
Fun features (filters, translation tools, games)
Works across all major platforms
Cons:
Requires a Facebook account
Some features may feel cluttered for very simple calls
4. Zoom
Best for: Larger family gatherings or planned group events
Smartphones/Tablets/PC/Mac: Yes
Zoom is still widely used for large group calls and celebrations. On the free plan you can host up to 100 people, though sessions may be time-limited (often around 40–60 minutes) unless you have a paid subscription.
Pros:
Great for big groups (birthdays, Christmas catch-ups)
Works on nearly all devices
Easy to join via links
Cons:
Time limits on free accounts
More features than some older people need
5. Google Meet
Best for: Longer chats and group calls without app installs
Smartphones/Tablets: Yes
Windows/Mac: Yes
Google Meet is a solid everyday option with no required paid plan for basic use, up to 100 people on free accounts, and features like live captions.
Pros:
Good for group calls of all sizes
Works in a browser (no app install needed)
Integration with Google Calendar
Cons:
May feel business-oriented for casual use
6. Microsoft Teams (Replacing Skype)
Best for: People who used Skype and want a modern replacement
Note: Skype was retired in 2025 and replaced by Microsoft Teams, so new Skype recommendations are no longer relevant. Users are being encouraged to move to Windows Teams where chat history and contacts can carry over.
Pros:
Continued support and development
Group calls and chatting similar to Skype
Cons:
More features than some users need
Setup can be more complex than simpler apps like WhatsApp
Devices That Make Calling Easier for Seniors
Beyond apps, there are dedicated devices that make video calling much simpler for older people:
Smart displays like the Amazon Echo Show – big screens, voice commands (“Alexa, video call Mum”), and simplified controls.
Senior-friendly tablets (such as this one) with simplified interfaces and large buttons.
These devices are ideal for those less comfortable with standard phones or computers.
✔ Keep software updated: The latest versions of apps are generally more reliable and secure. ✔ Use wi-fi: Video calls eat data – wi-fi helps avoid extra charges. ✔ Practice together: A short practice call before a big family chat can ease nerves. ✔ Label apps clearly: Rename icons on tablets or phones so they’re easy to find.
Closing Thoughts
Video calling isn’t just a tech trend for businesses and younger people – it’s a lifeline for older adults to stay connected, especially around busy times like Christmas.
The right setup – a good device, a reliable connection, and the right app – can make chatting over distance almost as good as being there in person.
I hope you have found this article helpful. As always, if you have any comments or questions about this post, please do leave them below.
Note: this is a fully revised update of an annual article.
If you enjoyed this post, please link to it on your own blog or social media:
It’s pretty normal to wear the same pair of jeans, a jumper or even a t-shirt more than once. But what about your socks?
If you knew what really lived in your socks after even one day of wearing, you might just think twice about doing it.
Our feet are home to a microscopic rainforest of bacteria and fungi – typically containing up to 1,000 different bacterial and fungal species. The foot also has a more diverse range of fungi living on it than any other region of the human body.
Most foot bacteria and fungi prefer to live in the warm, moist areas between your toes where they dine on the nutrients within your sweat and dead skin cells. The waste products produced by these microbes are the reason why feet, socks and shoes can become smelly.
For instance, the bacteria Staphylococcal hominis produces an alcohol from the sweat it consumes that makes a rotten onion smell. Staphylococcus epidermis, on the other hand, produces a compound that has a cheese smell. Corynebacterium, another member of the foot microbiome, creates an acid which is described as having a goat-like smell.
The more our feet sweat, the more nutrients available for the foot’s bacteria to eat and the stronger the odour will be. As socks can trap sweat in, this creates an even more optimal environment for odour-producing bacteria. And, these bacteria can survive on fabric for months. For instance, bacteria can survive on cotton for up to 90 days. So if you re-wear unwashed socks, you’re only allowing more bacteria to grow and thrive.
The types of microbes resident in your socks don’t just include those that normally call the foot microbiome home. They also include microbes that come from the surrounding environment – such as your floors at home or in the gym or even the ground outside.
In a study which looked at the microbial content of clothing which had only been worn once, socks had the highest microbial count compared to other types of clothing. Socks had between 8-9 million bacteria per sample, while t-shirts only had around 83,000 bacteria per sample.
Species profiling of socks shows they harbour both harmless skin bacteria, as well as potential pathogens such as Aspergillus, Candida and Cryptococcus which can cause respiratory and gut infections.
The microbes living in your socks can also transfer to any surface they come in contact with – including your shoes, bed, couch or floor. This means dirty socks could spread the fungus which causes Athlete’s foot, a contagious infection that affects the skin on and around the toes.
This is why it’s especially key that those with Athlete’s foot don’t share socks or shoes with other people, and avoid walking in just their socks or barefoot in gym locker rooms or bathrooms.
What’s living in your socks also colonises your shoes. This is why you might not want to wear the same pair of shoes for too many days in a row, so any sweat has time to fully dry between wears and to prevent further bacterial growth and odours.
Foot hygiene
To cut down on smelly feet and reduce the number of bacteria growing on your feet and in your socks, it’s a good idea to avoid wearing socks or shoes that make the feet sweat.
Washing your feet twice daily may help reduce foot odour by inhibiting bacterial growth. Foot antiperspirants can also help, as these stop the sweat – thereby inhibiting bacterial growth.
It’s also possible to buy socks which are directly antimicrobial to the foot bacteria. Antimicrobial socks, which contain heavy metals such as silver or zinc, can kill the bacteria which cause foot odour. Bamboo socks allow more air flow, which means sweat more readily evaporates – making the environment less hospitable for odour-producing bacteria.
Antimicrobial socks might therefore be exempt from the single-use rule depending on their capacity to kill bacteria and fungi and prevent sweat accumulation.
But for those who wear socks that are made out of cotton, wool or synthetic fibres, it’s best to only wear them once to prevent smelly feet and avoid foot infections.
It’s also important to make sure you’re washing your socks properly between uses. If your feet aren’t unusually smelly, it’s fine to wash them in warm water that’s between 30-40°C with a mild detergent.
However, not all bacteria and fungi will be killed using this method. So to thoroughly sanitise socks, use an enzyme-containing detergent and wash at a temperature of 60°C. The enzymes help to detach microbes from the socks while the high temperature kills them.
If a low temperature wash is unavoidable then ironing the socks with a hot steam iron (which can reach temperatures of up to 180–220°C) is more than enough kill any residual bacteria and inactivate the spores of any fungi – including the one that causes Athlete’s foot.
Drying the socks outdoors is also a good idea as the UV radiation in sunlight is antimicrobial to most sock bacteria and fungi.
While socks might be a commonly re-worn clothing item, as a microbiologist I’d say it’s best you change your socks daily to keep feet fresh and clean.
